- MOCA SCORE INTERPRETATION RANGES MANUAL
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- MOCA SCORE INTERPRETATION RANGES FREE
All participants underwent a comprehensive evaluation consisting of a detailed medical history, neurological examination, and a neuropsychological evaluation.
We collected demographic data, including age, sex, and years of education. Therefore, we categorized the subjects as having a wide range of cognitive disorders, not specific types of dementia or MCI, as occurs with cognitive screening in real clinical practice. Our purpose was to validate conversion scores in clinical practice. 23 CU subjects were functionally independent. 22 In this study, CU subjects did not meet the criteria for MCI or dementia, but were recruited and assessed in the same way. 21 Subjects with MCI were diagnosed by the criteria proposed by the International Working Group on MCI.
MOCA SCORE INTERPRETATION RANGES MANUAL
Subjects with dementia met the criteria for a major neurocognitive disorder proposed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 of the American Psychiatric Association. The participants included 182 subjects with dementia, 84 with MCI, and 240 who were cognitively unimpaired (CU). Overall, we evaluated 506 participants who visited the hospital from May 2020 to April 2021. This was a retrospective observational study of subjects referred for neuropsychological screening to a memory clinic at a university hospital in the Republic of Korea.
MOCA SCORE INTERPRETATION RANGES FULL
Considering these various aspects including the simplicity of the conversion algorithm, coverage of the full score range, and switching of the MMSE version, we evaluated 4 methods for converting MoCA scores to MMSE-2 scores. 5 We also evaluated converting to MMSE-2 by using MoCA to MMSE-1 conversion methods. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 However, it is possible to switch from the MMSE-1 to the MMSE-2 with no change in the scores. 12 Other methods evaluated the conversion of MoCA scores to MMSE-1 scores. 16, 17, 18, 19 For the MMSE version, only Yang's method evaluated the conversion of MoCA scores into MMSE-2 scores. For coverage of score ranges, 5 methods can convert the full possible score range of MoCA (from 0 to 30 points) 12, 13, 14, 15, 20 other methods cannot convert all possible scores. Still, these scores may be out of the range of possible scores, or the equation formula may be complex because of the relationship between the 2 scores. Another method used is the regression equation, 20 which is a simple way to calculate approximate conversion scores. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 Equipercentile equating allows for a direct crossover from the score on one test to a score on a different test based on percentile rankings of scores that always fall within the range of possible scores. 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 For the conversion algorithms, most methods use the equipercentile equating algorithm. Previous studies have attempted to develop methods for converting MoCA scores into MMSE scores. 10, 11 Many clinicians want to predict an MMSE score based on an MoCA score. The MMSE, but not the MoCA, has been required as a special examination for prescription and reimbursement for Alzheimer's disease treatments in many countries, including South Korea. This difference makes comparing the patient's cognitive status during longitudinal follow-up and meta-analyses difficult, because a direct comparison of MMSE and MoCA scores is complicated. 9 However, real clinical and research settings differ in their use of these 2 tools.
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8 Because it can be used free of charge and its psychometric properties are superior to those of the MMSE in various aspects, MoCA use is increasing.Ĭlinical practice guidelines for dementia include both the MMSE and the MoCA as dementia screening tools. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is another screening tool that can discriminate normal cognitive function, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and early-stage dementia. 5, 6 However, under copyright restrictions, the MMSE-1 can no longer be used, and the MMSE-2 must be purchased, potentially limiting its routine use in clinical and research settings. The original 30-point MMSE (MMSE-1) structure and scoring are equivalent to the standard version of the MMSE-2 to enable upgrading from the MMSE-1 to the MMSE-2 in longitudinal data collection. 3, 4 In 2010, a revised version, the MMSE-second edition (MMSE-2), was introduced. 1, 2 To date, the MMSE has been used as a standardized cognitive screening tool, and its score or score changes are important in clinical practice. It has been translated and validated in many countries and languages. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is the most widely used instrument for screening cognitive dysfunction.
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